Which US States Import The Most From Canada And Mexico?

Following Donald Trump’s imposition of 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico, as well as retaliatory tariffs from Canada, trade across North America’s borders has suddenly become much more expensive.

This map, via Visual Capitalist’s Niccolo Conte, shows how much different U.S. states’ trade is impacted by these tariffs, by visualizing each state’s combined share of imports from Mexico and Canada in 2024.

The visualization uses data from the U.S. International Trade Administration.

Canada and Mexican Trade Partners

Canada and Mexico made up 28% of U.S. goods imports overall in 2024, but some states have a much higher or lower share of their imports coming from the country’s northern and southern neighbors.

In the table below is the data for each U.S. state’s combined share of imports from Canada and Mexico, which has the state of Montana leading the pack at 93%.

State
Combined share of imports from Canada and Mexico (2024)
Montana
93%
Maine
72%
North Dakota
71%
Vermont
71%
Michigan
69%
Wyoming
57%
Oklahoma
56%
Texas
49%
Iowa
48%
West Virginia
45%
South Dakota
44%
Minnesota
44%
Utah
43%
Connecticut
41%
Colorado
38%
Illinois
38%
Nebraska
38%
Missouri
37%
Massachusetts
37%
Ohio
35%
New Mexico
34%
Arizona
34%
Wisconsin
31%
Arkansas
31%
Washington, DC
31%
Rhode Island
30%
Alaska
29%
Alabama
28%
New Hampshire
25%
Louisiana
25%
Kansas
24%
Delaware
21%
Mississippi
21%
Washington
20%
Idaho
20%
North Carolina
19%
Maryland
18%
Georgia
17%
Virginia
17%
Tennessee
17%
Kentucky
17%
Oregon
17%
Pennsylvania
16%
California
16%
Nevada
16%
Indiana
16%
South Carolina
16%
New York
15%
Florida
14%
New Jersey
11%
Hawaii
6%

Following Montana in terms of import dependence on Canada and Mexico are Maine (72%), Vermont (71%), and North Dakota (71%), all states which share their northern border with Canada.

Montana’s high import dependence is almost entirely on Canada, which alone makes up 92% of the state’s imports. The Treasure State’s shared border with the province of Alberta and its three oil refineries makes it a perfect importer for Canadian crude oil. 76% of Montana’s imports from Canada were oil and gas.

Looking at southern states dependent on Canadian and Mexican trade, Texas (49%) and Oklahoma (56%) stand out. Despite being much closer to the southern border, Oklahoma is a similar case to Montana, with 50% of the state’s imports coming only from Canada and 79% of those imports being oil and gas.

Texas (the second-largest state economy in the U.S.) is instead much more dependent on imports from Mexico, which make up 40% of the state’s imports overall. The top goods Texas imported from Mexico in 2024 were motor vehicles and their parts at 23%, followed by computer equipment at 22%.

To learn more about the effects of Trump’s tariffs on his North American neighbors, check out this graphic on the areas in Canada that have the highest exposure to U.S. tariffs.